Moctezuma or Montezuma II, also known as Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin (c. 1466 -1520), was an Aztec ruler ("huey tlatoani" of Tenochtitlan), leader of the Aztec Triple Alliance from c. 1502–1520. He is famous for being the ruler of the Aztec empire at the start of the Spanish conquest of Mexico.
The portrayal of Moctezuma in history has mostly been coloured by his role as ruler of a defeated nation, and many sources describe him as weakwilled and indecisive. The general biases of the historical sources make it difficult to ascertain anything definitive about his role during the Spanish invasion, and this has led to some controversy as to how to most accurately portray him.
Latter-day historians point to Moctezuma's many architectonic, scientific, military and spiritual projects as evidence of a strong and industrious ruler.
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